The True Story About Speech Therapy Graduate Essay Samples That the Experts Dont Want You to Know

The True Story About Speech Therapy Graduate Essay Samples That the Experts Don't Want You to Know Choosing Good Speech Therapy Graduate Essay Samples You might have diverse experience but make certain all the information that you include is relevant. You wish to maximize this section of the application. The website is geared toward a wide variety of well-being and education disciplines. Go through the work listing, and be certain the experiences you include in your materials are related to the job. It's also important to make certain you have all of the correct and total info. Programs are in touch with one another and may have the ability to set you in touch with one who would be pleased to speak to you. The periodical evaluation of a program or activity is essential for any organization to adapt to this exact dynamic world. Speech Therapy Graduate Essay Samples - the Story Say for instance, you could earn a speech about an unforgettable memory by means of your loved ones. The most important aim is not to sell copies of your manuscript. Instead, it may be a very good concept to emphasize your most impressive achievements. The field of family is most likely the most popular speech topic there is. Delivering speeches gets the interest of management specially if a person is adept and skillful at doing this. It's always beneficial to acquire an original set of eyes on your documents. Then you may add a conclusion. When you purchase our informative speech papers you are ensured of receiving papers that carry adequate and appropriate content. You may indent each new paragraph, or just set a space between paragraphs rather than indenting, unless the school states that there's a particular way they would like you to format your essay. Occasionally it may be required alongside other writing samples. Essay requirements will be different from school to school, however you will probably be requested to write 250750 words. Preparation and personal reflection are indispensable. The Nuiances of Speech Therapy Graduate Essay Samples For example if there's cancer growth in your prostate and it parades to some other component of your entire body, it would be categorized as prostate cancer, even though the cancer has spread to some other portion of your entire body, it only counts where the cancer originated from. No matter which sort of application form you are coping with, it's essential that you read each question carefully and respond to it fully. The sphere of physical therapy is growing, and with my skills in marketing, I aspire to grow the native Ridgeview services across the planet. Our pick of medicine was not a crash. You would like your cover letter to say something new, as opposed to simply restating the info in your resume. By writing this type of letter, you've given them all the information they really require. Keep in mind, you simply have 500 words, so speak about you. Have a complimentary note card containing the principal ideas of your speech and refer to it in case you become lost. Of course you want to have an application essay to shine and, as a consequence, take your application to a different level. The personal statement must act as a reflection of your nature and intellect. If you'd like to include more detail, that's perfectly fine and solely your choice, the parent. You should most likely have the very first draft finished two months before it's due. You're equipped to undertake the world. You just have to share an experience. Travel is a huge portion of my life, and I hope to go to every continent sooner or later. You might even connect this to the dreams you would like to achieve a single day. Wisdom is acquired through reflection of someone's experience in addition to of the surroundings. Life is an excellent journey. Your life is currently YOUR destiny. The Debate Over Speech Therapy Graduate Essay Samples While everyone needs to be different, personal statement examples can help you brainstorm ideas and provide you with somewhere to start. Then an alternate strategy, like your own personal story, might be a good tactic. If you have trouble finding ideas, there's a section at the conclusion of this post only for you. Body language says a good deal about what goes on within your head.

Accounting Test Solutions - 31585 Words

ch13 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Some liabilities are not contractual obligations and may not be payable in cash. True False 2. Amounts withheld from employees in connection with payroll often represent liabilities to third parties. True False 3. A customer advance produces a liability that is satisfied when the product or service is provided. True False 4. Long-term debt that is callable by the creditor in the upcoming year should be classified as a current liability only if the debt is expected to be called. True False 5. The concept of substance over form influences the classification of obligations expected to be refinanced. True False 6.†¦show more content†¦1. Noninterestbearing notes 2. Loss contingencies 3. Committed lines of credit 4. Accounts payable 5. Pledging arrangements __ Use accounts receivable as collateral.__ __ Often require compensating balance.__ __ Only formal credit instrument is the invoice.__ __ Effective interest higher than stated interest.__ Recorded if probable and amount is known or__ reasonably estimable.__ 21. Match each phrase with the correct term placing the letter designating the best term in the space provided by the phrase. Present value of interest plus present value__ of principal.__ __ Required for contingencies.__ __ Payable with current assets.__ Short-term debt to be refinanced__ with long-term bonds payable.__ __ Avoids registration with SEC.__ 1. Current liabilities 2. Usual valuation of long-term liabilities 3. Disclosure notes 4. Long-term liabilities 5. Commercial paper 22. Indicate (by letter) the way each of the items listed below should be reported in a balance sheet at December 31, 2011. 1. Not reported 2. Disclosure note only 3. Liability 4. Liability A material gain contingent on a future event that appears__ exceedingly likely.__ A penalty assessment that probably will be asserted by__ the EPA, in which case a determinable payment is probable.__ Unassessed penalty with a reasonable possibility of being__ asserted, in which case a determinable payment isShow MoreRelatedHorngren Cost Accounting 14e Solution Test Bank Essay854 Words   |  4 PagesBuy Full 23 chapters Horngren Cost Accounting 14e Solution Manual + Test Bank at https://sellfy.com/p/vB9y Cost Accounting, 14e (Horngren/Datar/Rajan) Chapter 12 Pricing Decisions and Cost Management Objective 12.1 1) Companies should only produce and sell units as long as: A) there is customer demand for the product B) the competition allows it C) the revenue from an additional unit exceeds the cost of producing it D) there is a generous supply of low-cost direct materialsRead MoreAdvanced Accounting Solution Manual Test Bank 11th Edition by Hoyle925 Words   |  4 PagesAdvanced Accounting Solution Manual Test Bank 11th Edition by Hoyle Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/advanced-accounting-solution-manual-test-bank/ Description: Advanced Accounting Solution Manual Test Bank 11th Edition by Hoyle Advanced Accounting Solution Manual Test Bank 11th Edition by Hoyle Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/advanced-accounting-solution-manual-test-bank/ Description: Advanced AccountingRead MorePersonal Finance959 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernmental and not-for-profit accounting, 7/e martin ives terry k. Patton solutions manual and test bank Introduction to information systems 2e canadian ed rainer cegielski splettstoesser hogeterp sanchez rodriguez instructor manual Introduction to logic, 14e irving m. Copi solutions manual and test bank Introduction to managerial accounting 6e brewer garrison solutions manual and test bank introduction to organic and biochemistry, 8th edition solutions manual and test bank by frederick a. BettelheimRead MoreBS07_BSBADM504B_Admin Systems_ Ass 1_V1.11535 Words   |  7 Pagesto exceed the capacity of the database. 2) People First Pty Ltd need to business support system for resource, HR, accounting, marketing Etc. (e.g. ERP System). There is no reporting that a system produces for management to thoroughly review business operations. Therefore they need to business support system that monitoring to their business procedure. 3) Candidate IT skill test system. †¢ Skills testing for typing speed, Microsoft Word, Excel and PowerPoint. †¢ The Current system is pay $40Read MoreCBU Syllabus 2015 MBAC 51031353 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Introduction to Accounting: MBAC 5103 Instructor Information Professor: Derrick Hayes Winter 2015 Office: SB217 Tues Thurs: 1:00 – 2:15 pm Email: derrick_hayes@cbu.ca Phone: 563-1312 Course Website (URL): Textbooks and Readings Required Text: Hayes, Derrick, Introduction to Accounting, Primus, McGraw Hill Prerequisites: NONE CourseRead MoreSystem Integrity and Validation1262 Words   |  6 PagesSystem Integrity and Validation ACC 542 System Integrity and Validation In the past months, Jarowito Company has analyzed carefully Kudler Fine Foods accounting information system. It has explored the key business and the accounting information needed. It has analyzed strength and weaknesses of the systems and technology, suggesting some technology opportunities. It has evaluated the possible threats, suggesting how to avoid them. It hasRead MoreThe Business Analyst Is The Role I Would Like At Play Upon Graduation1579 Words   |  7 Pagesthe needs of businesses to formalize analyzed as closely as possible the specifications or specifications. It identifies, analyzes, validates and documents the business needs of the organization and participates in the implementation of solutions. These solutions are based on the business requirements, organizational and operational organization. They can lead to changes in the organization or process optimization often using means related to information and communications technology. My goal beingRead MoreEssay on The Sarbanes-Oxley Act852 Words   |  4 Pagestoday that are using the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) legislation that helps to safeguard their company and their financial records. The Sarbanes-Oxley act began in 2002 and the purpose behind this act was to protect organizations, it had a major impact on accounting and record keeping. Because of Enron, they passed this act for publicly-traded corporations to better implement control to their enterprise data. â€Å"Named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley, who also set a number of deadlinesRead MoreEssay on Analysis of the Enron/Arthur Anderson Scandal1558 Words   |  7 Pagesexpanding rapidly in both domestic and global markets. Arthur Anderson, LLC. (Anderson), based out of Chicago, was well established as one of the big five accounting firms. But the means by which they achieved this status became questionable and eventually contributed to their demise. Enron used what if often referred to as â€Å"creative† accounting methods, this resulted in them posting record breaking earnings. Anderson, who earned substantial audit and consultation fees from Enron, failed to complyRead MoreSolution Essays1577 Words   |  7 Pagescomposition of the committee. Even if all committee members obtain extensive industry experience, without professional accounting knowledge, they are unlikely to detect misstatements and frauds caused by the deficiencies in the internal control system. The existence and appearance of at least one financial expert is necessary. Internal Auditor Independence Technical Solutions, Inc is expanding and reorganizing its Internal Audit (IA) function. Currently the Director of Internal Audit, Sharon

Purchasing and Supply Management for iPhone 8-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about thePurchasing and Supply Management for iPhone 8. Answer: Apple and its Supply Chain One of the research firms by the name of Gartner has ranked the supply chain of Apple as the best in the business for the period 2010 to 2013. Apples latest model, the iPhone 8 would be offered as a limited release for the issues within their supply chain. It is important for every manufacturer to keep an eye on the release of its new products, as strained relationships might jeopardize the production of the product and can harm the expectations of customers (Monczka et al. 2015). However, Apple is one lucky company who is never pegged back by such kind of incidents. Strategic Sourcing of Apple: As an integral part of their strategic sourcing preeminent practices for the market of smartphone, Apple mainly focuses on the production of iPhone, even for its latest edition in China for some quick productivity. Apples decision related on the ways of manufacturing and assembling of their products has a serious impact on the foreign and local domestic labor market in various ways (Guo 2016). Several reports have shown that Apple assembles all their iPhones in the Chinese factories. This decision of outsourcing is not only for the cost-savings of labor but for the fact that Chinese factories have the ability in manufacturing larger volumes at rapid rate. Tactical Sourcing: Tactical sourcing is generally being used by the small or medium sized companies for attaining the companys strategic plan. It is generally short term with the decisions of procurement are mainly being based on price. Apple does not need to follow the tactical sourcing path as it is stated to be the less efficient way of procuring the goods and services. Apple believes in delivering their customers the best possible quality products, and for that Apple would always go for higher investments in making its product worth buying for their loyal set of customers. Apples Dual Sourcing Strategy: Apple is in the habit of sourcing its components (even for iPhone 8) from two suppliers atleast for the purpose of diminishing the risk and has the conciliation of strength. In the year 2016 too, the company used this dual-sourcing method for its cellular modems. Recently, Apple has gone in for sourcing its components from the multiple suppliers for reducing their trust on the single supplier (Inoue and Ikawa 2014). Suppliers are also doing the same with Apple. Relationship of Apple with its suppliers: Apple needs each supplier to meet the highest possible customary for all its goods and services. Their requirement takes in a commitment to accurate quality guarantee. Adding to that is the fact that suppliers need to be committed, making sure the highest standards are being maintained of social responsibility (Chen and Baddam 2015). The business environment of Apple is fast and competitive. The suppliers need to be agile, flexible and dynamic in the way they respond to the changing conditions of business. Above everything, Apple believes in innovation. They have been appreciating the suppliers who understand truly and share in the challenges, helping them in finding the best probable solutions. Transportation of Apple products: The process of transportation starts in China, where the iPhone pallets are being shifted from the factories in safe containers accompanied with details of security. The container then gets loaded on top of the trucks and is being shipped via pre-bought airfreight space. The journey of the iPhone ends in the stores where Apple makes regular adjustments as per the demand of their customers (Chan, Pun and Selden 2013). Apples Outsourcing strategy: Apple is not in the habit of producing customized products and for that it does not need to distribute quickly, all its products are generally mass-manufactured and standardized. Adding to that is the fact that Apple does not modify its assortment- with even the new iPhone 8 would be in sale for a year or two. The bigger challenge for Apple has been the availability of supplier, changes in engineering along with flexibility. The volumes of its productions are much unpredictable with the changes in the engineering requiring manufacturing flexibilities. USA lacks such engineering capabilities (Inou. and Ikawa 2014). So, Apple outsources from China, where manufacturers can arrange thousands of collocated engineers for introducing the changes required overnight, supplying larger labor either to ramp up or ramp down the production quickly. USA does not have a factory where 2, 50,000 workers can be employed day in and day out, surrounded by the proficient suppliers. It is not only for labo r cost, but also for manufacturing risk where it is being best controlled. Reference: Chan, J., Pun, N. and Selden, M., 2013. The politics of global production: Apple, Foxconn and China's new working class.New Technology, Work and Employment,28(2), pp.100-115. Chen, J.Y. and Baddam, S.R., 2015. The effect of unethical behavior and learning on strategic supplier selection.International Journal of Production Economics,167, pp.74-87. Guo, R., 2016.Strategic Sourcing Under Supplier Responsibility and Relationship Risks(Doctoral dissertation, Stanford University). Inoue, K. and Ikawa, Y., 2014, July. How sourcing knowledge is acquired in companies. In Management of Engineering Technology (PICMET), 2014 Portland International Conference on(pp. 1784-1789). IEEE. Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Giunipero, L.C. and Patterson, J.L., 2015.Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning.

Public Trust free essay sample

Charlton III Social Environment of Business Short Paper: Public Trust May 05, 2013 Professor: Patrick Mcgowan Public Trust Me: Mr. Edelman, I have a few questions for you. When did you start the trust barometer? Mr. Edelman: I started the trust barometer in 2001 Me: What was your purpose behind the trust barometer? Mr. Edelman: I started this trust barometer after our economy started to decline and we were on the brink of a financial collapse and had many trust violations in our country from corporations and CEO’s. The barometer shows the statistics worldwide and it goes to show for this year that the US is dropping very low. Me: Do you see the US climbing back to the top of the charts anytime soon? Mr. Edelman: Absolutely, I believe the US will Gradually climb up towards the top of the statistics! The trust barometer is getting much needed attention and I think that more businesses are taking my key points and pointing them into play with their businesses and institutions. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Trust or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Report on the State of Public Trust It seems as if public trust is becoming more and more of a topic of interest in todays society. Mr. Edelman, creator of the trust barometer, shows on a global perspective key findings and statistics in public trust. We sat down with Mr. Edelman and asked him a few questions earlier this week. Here is a list of the questions we asked him. â€Å"When did you start the trust barometer? What was your purpose behind the trust barometer? Do you see the US climbing back to the top of the charts anytime soon? † In which he stated, â€Å"I started the trust barometer in 2001. : I started this trust barometer after our economy started to decline and we were on the brink of a financial collapse and had many trust violations in our country from corporations and CEO’s. The barometer shows the statistics worldwide and it goes to show for this year that the US is dropping very low. Absolutely, I believe the US will Gradually climb up towards the top of the statistics! The trust barometer is getting much needed attention and I think that more businesses are taking my key points and pointing them into play with their businesses and institutions. † It was great getting to sit down with Mr. Edelman and ask him these questions. References 2011 Edelman Trust Barometer: Global amp; Country Insights. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. slideshare. net/EdelmanDigital/edelman-trust-barometer-executive-findings-668923 Key Findings [Video file]. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=rwHzqHhQRtY

Free Essays on Rilke On Love

â€Å"Youthful Ignorance† â€Å"Marriage is a new task and a new seriousness a new challenge to and questioning of the strength and generosity of each partner and a great new danger for both.† With this definition marriage is presented as a business deal. However, marriage is not just two random people assigned to each other, instead it involves a connection between the two people called love. Since many people fall into and out of love it is difficult to define what love actually is. Rilke explains what an ideal love relationship is, different errors young people make, and ways to correct them. His views on love and relationships are debatable and can be seen as both correct and incorrect. The error that young people often make with relationships is that young people jump into relationships to early. Young people do this because of several reasons: they are impatience, they possess what seems like an uncontrollable sex drive, and they have a social convention that makes them feel it necessary to have a significant other. Yet the problem lies not with their want for a relationship, because relationships are possible, rather in the way the youth throw themselves at the other person, abandoning their individuality to form a perfect, but unattainable, union. Rilke explains that impatience is a cause for a bad relationship. He says, â€Å" But young people who love each other fling themselves with the impatience and haste of their passion.† The two people do not truly know or respect each other. Instead they rush into a relationship and form a union with somebody that could be a complete opposite of what the other partner is looking for. When they do this both people compromise their values, beliefs, or way of life in order to keep the bond they share together. Therefore, they lose the individuality that once made them unique and special. Another cause for the error in young peoples relationships is a sex drive that they s... Free Essays on Rilke On Love Free Essays on Rilke On Love â€Å"Youthful Ignorance† â€Å"Marriage is a new task and a new seriousness a new challenge to and questioning of the strength and generosity of each partner and a great new danger for both.† With this definition marriage is presented as a business deal. However, marriage is not just two random people assigned to each other, instead it involves a connection between the two people called love. Since many people fall into and out of love it is difficult to define what love actually is. Rilke explains what an ideal love relationship is, different errors young people make, and ways to correct them. His views on love and relationships are debatable and can be seen as both correct and incorrect. The error that young people often make with relationships is that young people jump into relationships to early. Young people do this because of several reasons: they are impatience, they possess what seems like an uncontrollable sex drive, and they have a social convention that makes them feel it necessary to have a significant other. Yet the problem lies not with their want for a relationship, because relationships are possible, rather in the way the youth throw themselves at the other person, abandoning their individuality to form a perfect, but unattainable, union. Rilke explains that impatience is a cause for a bad relationship. He says, â€Å" But young people who love each other fling themselves with the impatience and haste of their passion.† The two people do not truly know or respect each other. Instead they rush into a relationship and form a union with somebody that could be a complete opposite of what the other partner is looking for. When they do this both people compromise their values, beliefs, or way of life in order to keep the bond they share together. Therefore, they lose the individuality that once made them unique and special. Another cause for the error in young peoples relationships is a sex drive that they s...

My Successful Friend Idiom Story for ESL Students

My Successful Friend Idiom Story for ESL Students Here is a story about a successful friend who has had a fantastic career. Try reading the story one time to  understand the gist  without using the idiom definitions. On your second reading, use the definitions to help you understand the text while learning new idioms. Finally, youll find idiom definitions and a short quiz on some of the expressions at the end of the story.  Ã‚   My Successful Friend My friend Doug has really done well for himself in life. Im very proud of him and all of his achievements! We get together every year or so for a two or three-day hike in Oregon. Its a great time to reflect on how life is going, talk about old times and have new adventures. Let me tell you a little bit about Doug. It was clear from the very beginning that he was going places. He did very well in school, and everyone knew he was a smart cookie. Not only were his grades good, but he was also an outstanding athlete, as well as keeping his nose clean. Some accused him of being squeaky clean, but that didnt bother him. He wasnt going to let anyone rain on his parade!   After he graduated from college, he decided to go to New York. As the song goes: If you can make it there, you can make it anywhere! Back in those days, New York was a hotbed of innovation. Doug was a product design specialist and had some great designs on tap. Unfortunately, he didnt immediately succeed. Things werent easy in the beginning, and it took him a while to learn the ins and outs of the Big Apple. In any case, it soon became to clear to him that he needed to make some brownie points with his director. He decided he would volunteer to create the presentation for a new product at the companys yearly dog and pony show.   The boss wasnt so sure, but the decision about who would make the presentation wasnt carved in stone. In the end, the manager decided that Doug would do a good job. Doug gladly accepted the challenge and decided to make quite an impression. He wasnt exactly going to reinvent the wheel, but he knew he could improve on past presentations. He felt that giving a great presentation would improve his standing in the company. The day of the presentation arrived, and, no surprise, Doug did an outstanding job. His presentation was informative, and he didnt blow any smoke. Where there were problems, he pointed them out and made suggestions as to how to improve the situation. Long story short, because of his excellent presentation the director realized that he was the genuine article. Doug started taking more and more responsibility at the company. Within three years, he had sealed the deal on the development of two of his best ideas. As they say, the rest is history.   Idioms Used in the Story be on a roll to have one success after another have a string of successes  Big Apple New York New Yorkblow smoke to fake or provide false information in order to gain somethingbrownie points extra good will  carved in stone not changeable  dog and pony show a presentation during which a companys best products are showngenuine article real true not fakego places to become successfulhotbed of something an area that is famous for a certain type of industry or successins and outs the details and inside information about a place or situation  keep ones nose clean to not make any illegal or unethical mistakeson tap readyrain on someones parade to criticize the success of someonereinvent the wheel to remake or invent something that already exists  seal the deal to make an agreement sign a contractsmart cookie very intelligent personsqueaky clean without fault not having problems or mistakes Quiz I think were ___________. All of our products are selling very well.This bag looks like its ______________. It doesnt look fake.We ________________ with our partners and start the project in May.The contract isnt ________________. We can still negotiate the details.Work with Anna and shell show you the ____________ of the company.I dont want to _________ your _________, but there are still a few problems.I think shell ______________. Shes very intelligent AND competitive.  I wouldnt believe that. Hes known for ______________.   Quiz Answers on a rollgenuine article  sealed the dealcarved in stoneins and outsrain on your paradego placesblowing smoke More Idioms and Expressions in Context Stories Learn more expressions using stories with one or more of these further  idioms in context stories with quizzes. Its important to learn and use idioms in context. Of course, idioms are not always easy to understand. There are  idiom and expression resources  that can help with definitions, but reading them in short stories can also provide context that makes them come more alive.

Economics of Human Capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics of Human Capital - Essay Example he justification for this argument was that essentially the amount of available land for production was believed to be limited due to the fact that land cannot grow at the same pace as capital and labor, consequently, land becomes insufficient, and capital and labor in the end become saturated and less efficient and less profitable (Mauro & Fernandez 68). This essay discusses the role of human capital in economic growth. Nevertheless, these early growth framework took in a fourth variable—knowledge, or technological development, that allowed available capital and labor to generate greater yields on specific amounts of land. The rate and extent of transformation of this fourth variable was viewed as exogenous to the framework—knowledge only grew constantly by itself and not as an outcome of investments or capital constituted within the framework. However, examinations of the potential sources of increases in national productivity over time revealed consistently that this inadequately known and non-quantifiable variable-- technological development-- comprised a substantial portion of overall economic development all over the 20th century (Qadri & Waheed 93). Obviously, economists did not accept the assumption that knowledge expanded without help, and hence several adjustments on this framework enable ‘labor’ input to expand not just by increasing work hours and people, but a lso by hypothesizing that the labor force’s human capital could, successfully, expand by means of training and education. This model is quite subjective, and, according to numerous economists, scarcely better than merely considering technological development as a residual variable that provides explanation of the portion of economic progress that cannot be clarified by expansion in physical or human capital (Becker(b) 57). During the 1980s, economists became fascinated with a modeling framework referred to as ‘New Growth Theory’, which viewed the role of growth in technological and

Prisoner's Dilemma Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prisoner's Dilemma - Research Paper Example In the prisoners dilemma game I was stuck in jail with Lucifer. We were in separated cells. In a prisoner dilemma game there is no way for the prisoner’s to coordinate their actions (Varian). The two options in the game are to cooperate or defect. Cooperate implies to cooperate with each other by denying the crime. Defect means to talk to the police and tell on each other. The first strategy that I choose was to cooperate. I was sure that Lucifer would do the same. Lucifer did not follow my lead and defected. The implication of this strategy was that I was going to jail and Lucifer was going to go free. I decided to run the simulation once again to implement a different strategy. During the second simulation run I decided to cooperate once again. Lucifer cooperated with me. The game was run 13 times and Lucifer kept cooperating. The final outcome was mutual cooperation the best potential outcome for both parties. Under this scenario we both received jail time but at a reduced sentence. I decided to try the simulation a third time to try a different strategy. The third strategy I used was to be a traitor and implement a pure defect strategy. Lucifer became the sucker in the game. My won the game with a final score of 78-13. The strategy that I used was risky in real prisoner dilemma game because if both parties defected we both get the maximum jail time.

What does John Steinbeck have to say about friendship Essay Example for Free

What does John Steinbeck have to say about friendship Essay What does John Steinbeck have to say about friendship and loneliness in Of Mice and Men and how do cultural, social and historical issues affect this? John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men was set in California during the early to mid 1930s, a time of economic depression and high unemployment. It is a famous story about the harsh realities of life for the poor and unskilled workers who were disrupted by the Depression. Large numbers of migrant workers came to California from other parts of America in search of work. Two of these workers are George and Lennie. They are two very different men, who together search for work. The action takes place at or around the ranch where they eventually find work. The main themes in the story are friendship and loneliness. Migrant workers found friendships difficult to establish at that time as they were thrown together in difficult circumstances, often competing for a single job and were not in the same place for very long. This competitiveness was a common cultural aspect amongst the migrant workers who were mostly men. Men had to leave their wives and families behind and mostly travelled alone, roaming from ranch to ranch, farm work being the only type of work available to them. Against this historical background, the friendship between George and Lennie is all the more special because it is so rare. Steinbeck often shows this by displaying how other characters question and react to their friendship which they find unusual and even distrustful. This can be seen at the ranch when George and Lennie have just arrived and the boss is suspicious as he has never seen one guy take so much trouble for another guy. He presumes George must be exploiting Lennie by taking away his pay. The two very different men are dependant on each other, but for different reasons. Lennie is physically strong but mentally weak and relies on George to keep him going, literally, to keep him alive. Without George as his guide, Lennie would be unable to find any work due to his severe lack of intelligence and would most likely have spent time in some form of mental institution. George takes responsibility for Lennie partly out of pity, partly out of affection and partly for companionship; being with Lennie is far better than being lonely, something which most other workers had to put up with. George is looked upon as Lennies mentor. This is shown in the way Lennie copies Georges actions when drinking from the pool on the way to the ranch: Lennie, who had been watching, imitated George exactly. He pushed himself back, drew up his knees, embraced them, looked over to George to see whether he had it just right. He pulled his hat down a little more over his eyes, the way Georges was.- (Line 3, page 21) Lennies lack of intelligence to think for him self is displayed here. However, the way in which he imitates George could be due to Lennies lack of exposure to other people. George is the only person who Lennie actually knows and their constant travels in search of work would not help Lennies skills in interacting with others. This very point is displayed at the ranch towards the end of the story. Curlys wife is alone with Lennie in the barn while the rest of the ranch workers are heavily involved in a bet in another room. She is telling Lennie about what she could have done with her life, expecting Lennie to talk back and perhaps comfort her. However he is not at all concerned on what she has to say but is completely focused on his obsession with his rabbits and his and Georges dream of their own plot of land. Dont you think of nothing but rabbits?- (Last line of page 125) Lennie even dismisses this question which has been asked angrily by Curlys wife and continues to describe his and Georges dream, something which George had told Lennie to keep a secret! Despite Lennies fault in revealing his and Georges American dream, something which Americans commonly shared at that time, to Curlys wife, he did in fact remember to meet with George at the camp site by the river. This is the place where George tells Lennie to go if anything went wrong. Also, it is the exact same location where the story first opened, showing George and Lennies friendship as they stumbled together across the plains. At this final point in the story, the two companions friendship is displayed perfectly. George knows that the other workers, in particular Curly, are coming after Lennie to punish him for the death of Curlys wife, and knows that when they catch him they will either brutally kill him or send him to a mental institution as he would be viewed by the society at that time as unsafe . George feels entitled to shoot Lennie himself as he realises the harsh realities that would befall Lennie if Curly caught him. At this point, historical and social aspects affect the outcome very much. If Lennie was captured today, hed be taken to a court case and would most likely be committed to a caring institution because of his mental instability. However this is not the way it worked in the society of the 1930s. Immediately Lennie would be labelled insane and sent to jail or to an institution which would differ very much from one in todays society. George therefore takes it upon himself to kill Lennie at the peaceful scene where the story first began and makes his death as humane as possible. He dies a quick, clean death, blissfully unaware of what is happening to him, but happy in Georges reassurances of their future. In contrast to the obvious friendship between George and Lennie, Steinbeck portrays the lack of friendship between Curlys wife and the men on the ranch. A noticeable point is the way in which she is labelled. Throughout the whole story she is never given a proper name other than Curlys wife. This is not because she is unimportant in the story she is one of the key characters whose fate is the same as Lennies but more to do with the way in which she is despised by the ranch workers. She is seen as a piece of jail bate who will only cause trouble due to the way she flaunts herself around the ranch in inappropriate clothing; She wore her bright cotton dress and the mules with red ostrich feathers. This was certainly not typical ranch wear. She constantly flirts with the ranchers. Steinbeck suggests the flirting that caused her to be ignored may be caused by factors other than her natural personality. With no real companionship on the ranch, it is not altogether surprising that she looks for company in the way she does. She is named as Curlys wife; defined by her relationship to Curly, not as an individual. This may also have something to do with the way women were looked upon at that time. Between the 1920s and 1930s there was a sexual revolution where women, just like Curlys wife, became more confident in their appearance and became far more aware their sexuality. However some men frowned upon this. Men on the ranch would see women like this as a distraction more than anything and this is evident in the way they do everything they can to ignore her as she only brings trouble; Cause shes a rap trap if I ever seen one (Bottom of page 54). Crooks, the only black ranch worker is described by Candy as a nice fella. He is first introduced into the story when the boss of the ranch is angry and, because of Crooks race, takes it out on him. While Curlys wife is lonely because of her attitude and general appearance, Crooks is lonely simply because of the colour of his skin. The way in which he is segregated from the rest of the ranch workers because of the colour of his skin is to do with the way blacks were looked upon by society at that time. Black Americans, then called negros, were seen as an inferior race, and many laws drastically affected their freedom. This is shown in the way Crooks is not allowed to mingle with the rest of the workers apart from on special occasions like Christmas, but, even then he ends up as the victim of a fight. Despite this, he is resigned to being separated from the rest of the group and has a great interest in books, his only true friends. His bunk where he spends most, if not all of his time while he isnt working is his territory over which he has grown to be very protective. This is shown when Lennie, totally unaware of the racial boundaries of that time, enters his room uninvited. Crooks, out of pride, use his only right, that being in the privacy of his own room, and taunts Lennie with stories of George not returning from his night out. Crooks does this to show Lennie what being lonely is really like but soon realises that Lennie didnt come into his bunk to cause harm, but just to have somebody to talk to. Unfortunately, just as Crooks is beginning to open out and reveal himself to Lennie about how he is constantly lonely, Curlys wife enters. Her presence causes anger and tension inside the room but due to there deficiencies, Crooks being black and Lennie suffering from learning difficulties, they are both powerless and cannot retaliate to her abuse. Her anger is caused by the common bond that all workers have, loneliness. Steinbeck portrays friendship that seems to be fixed in male companionship. This true to the historical context of men being thrust together by historical circumstances. This friendship is more than just the absence of loneliness. It has positive aspects such as the sharing of the American dream, common to the society of the 1930s, and the solid trust which is based purely on companionship and not on any duty or commitment to one another. This friendship between males does not seem to cross the racial or gender boundaries. This accurately depicts the situation of the women and black people of the time.

How Professional Advertising Agencies Contribute to the Success of a Ma

How Professional Advertising Agencies Contribute to the Success of a Marketing Campaign Professional advertising agencies can contribute to the success of a marketing campaign in many ways. If a new company is just starting out and wish to make the most of their money for advertising, then it is probably best for them to hire someone from an advertising agency to help them along the way, as they know they are doing, and know how to use their money to their advantage. Professional advertising agencies know what they are doing. It is their job to help companies to have a successful marketing campaign. The agencies can guide the company in the right direction to help them advertise to the best of their abilities. They can give expert advice to the company and guide them in the right direction, so that at the end of it they can have a successful campaign. They are able to help the business by creating the catchy slogan, one which people will remember, and remember the company that had it. Businesses using professional advertising agencies would probably result in a more successful campaign. Businesses which have been around for a while, and have already made a name for themselves, who know what there doing and who there target audience is etc, then they might try to design the advertisements themselves, which would save them a bit of money, but they may not be making the most of their budget. It is not just new companies who may decide to use an advertising agent. Businesses already established could hire an advertising agent who could design their promotional campaign which may not save them money, but it would also save them time if they were under pressure. By hiring an advertising agent, the business can concentrate on things more focal to the business itself, and think about how to improve it. Advertising agents can offer a business all their knowledge and advice to help the company get a successful campaign. Agents can carry out market research for the business to get more insight into the campaign. They have specialist skills, they know about the public and what the public want to see in advertisements. The advertising agents can do the account management for the company, such as looking after the advertising budget, because they know how far they can stretch it to have at the end of it, the most successful campaign. Overall professional advertis... ...that amount of money to spend on promotional campaigns. Part of this could be an advantage, as although they are costing a lot of money, they could attract a lot more customers, than if they designed the promotional campaign themselves. Might not turn out how expected There is always a risk involved in getting someone else to design a promotional campaign for you, and it might not turn out how you wanted it to. Might not get a full understanding of what goes on inside the business as they are external to the business. You might not get what you want out of the promotional campaign. The advertising agents could change something to the way they want, but it turns out wrong, so the company do not get what they ask for, and the agents messed up. EXPLAIN! Might provide the same service to competitors The agency might give two companies the same information and this would result in two competitive companies having very similar advertisements, which would not help with competition, as the public would not know what was going on with the promotions. Vital information may be given away The advertising agent might accidentally give away important information to a competitive company.

Sociology Paper on Society

Sociology Final Exam Paper Sociology Paper on Society â€Å"Human beings are fascinated with the world in which they live, and they aspire to develop ways to explain their experiences. People appear to have always felt this fascination-along with the intense desire to unravel the world’s mysteries-for people in ancient times also attempted to explain their worlds†(Henslin 8). Sociology is about understanding how people act as a society and how we, as people, treat our fellow human beings.The symbolic interactionist perspective, also known as symbolic interactionism, directs sociologists to consider the symbols and details of everyday life, figuring out what these symbols mean, and how people interact with each other. Although symbolic interactionism traces its origins to Max Weber's assertion that individuals act according to their interpretation of the meaning of their world, the American philosopher George H. Mead introduced this perspective to American sociology in t he 1920s.According to the symbolic interactionist perspective, people attach meanings to symbols, and then they act according to their subjective interpretation of these symbols. Verbal conversations, in which spoken words serve as the main symbols, make this subjective interpretation especially evident. The words have a certain meaning for the â€Å"sender,† and, during effective communication, they hopefully have the same meaning for the â€Å"receiver†. Words are not static things and they require intention and interpretation.Conversation is an interaction of symbols between individuals who constantly interpret the world around them. Of course, anything can serve as a symbol as long as it refers to something beyond itself. Think of applying symbolic interactionism to the American institution of marriage, the symbols may include wedding bands, vows of life-long commitment, a white bridal dress, a wedding cake, a Church ceremony, and flowers. American society attaches general meanings to these symbols, but people also maintain their own perceptions of what these and other symbols mean.For example, one of the spouses may see their circular wedding rings as symbolizing never ending love, while the other may see them as a just a financial expense. Bad communication can result from differences in the perception of the same events and symbols. Critics claim that symbolic interactionism neglects the macro level of social interpretation, which is the big picture. In other words, symbolic interactionists may miss the larger issues of society by focusing too closely on the size of the diamond in the wedding ring rather than the quality of the marriage.The perspective also receives criticism for slighting the influence of social norms and institutions on individual interactions. According to the functionalist perspective, also called functionalism, each aspect of society is interdependent and contributes to society's functioning as a whole. The government , or state, provides education for the children of the family, which in turn pays taxes on which the state depends to keep itself running. That is, the family is dependent upon the school to help children grow up to have good jobs so that they can raise and support their own families.In the process, the children become law-abiding, taxpaying citizens, who in turn support the state. On the other hand, Functionalists believe that society is held together by social consensus, or cohesion, in which members of the society agree upon, and work together to achieve, what is best for society as a whole. Emile Durkheim suggested that social consensus takes one of two forms, one being Mechanical Solidarity, which is a form of social cohesion that arises when people in a society maintain similar values and beliefs and engage in similar types of work.Mechanical solidarity most commonly occurs in traditional, simple societies such as those in which everyone herds cattle or farms. The Amish societ y exemplifies mechanical solidarity. In contrast, the other being Organic solidarity, which is a form of social cohesion that arises when the people in a society are interdependent, but hold to varying values and beliefs and engage in varying types of work. Organic solidarity most commonly occurs in industrialized, more immense societies such as those in large American cities like New York City.The functionalist perspective achieved its greatest popularity among American sociologists in the 1940s and 1950s. While European functionalists originally focused on explaining the inner workings of social order, American functionalists focused on discovering the functions of human behavior. Among these American functionalist sociologists is Robert Merton, who divides human functions into two types, manifest functions are intentional and obvious. The manifest function of attending a church or synagogue, for instance, is to worship as part of a religious community.With common sense, manifest functions become easily apparent. A sociological approach in functionalism is the consideration of the relationship between the functions of smaller parts and the functions of the whole. Functionalism has received criticism for neglecting the negative functions of an event such as divorce. Critics of this perspective also claim that the perspective justifies the status quo and complacency on the part of society's members. Functionalism does not encourage people to take an active role in changing their social environment, even when such change may benefit them.Instead, functionalism sees active social change as undesirable because the various parts of society will compensate naturally for any problems that may arise. The conflict perspective, which originated primarily out of Karl Marx's writings on class struggles, presents society in a different light than the functionalist and symbolic interactionist perspectives. While these latter perspectives focus on the positive aspects of so ciety that contribute to its stability, the conflict perspective focuses on the negative, conflicted, and ever-changing nature of society.Unlike functionalists who defend the status quo, avoid social change, and believe people cooperate to effect social order, conflict theorists challenge the status quo, encourage social change, and believe rich and powerful people have more control of society than the poor and the weak. Conflict theorists, for example, feel that society should have a more equal balance to it, meaning if the rich have more money than less fortunate people, they should share the wealth. American sociologists in the 1940s and 1950s generally ignored the conflict perspective in favor of the functionalist.They also expanded Marx's idea that the key conflict in society was strictly economic. Today, conflict theorists find social conflict between any groups in which the potential for inequality exists, such as racial, gender, religious, political, and economic. Conflict t heorists note that unequal groups usually have conflicting values and agendas, causing them to compete against one another. This constant competition between groups forms the notion of how our society as a whole is constantly changing.Men, especially in today’s society, are seen as the more important and intelligent gender while woman are seen as the warm, caring, and responsible gender. â€Å"As examination of the work women did before beginning car sales show that most had traditional women’s careers, such as teaching, waitressing, social work, retail sales, and secretarial jobs. These occupations primarily involved service to others and paid low wages†(Henslin 205). This is especially true in the United States, in which many states have low wages for women and higher wages for men.Men tend to have a job that requires strength and knowledge, whereas women are classified as either the stay at home, nurturing mother, or the waitress or secretary like how Helene Lawson discussed in, Down to Earth Sociology. The supposed fundamental differences between sexes have historically been used as an argument against equal rights, notably in the opposition to women's suffrage. More recently Neuro-scientific researchers have claimed that essential differences between the male and female brain have been uncovered, evidenced by neuro-imaging that suggests differing brain structures.The differences are how women and men tend to act, and how they act differently in society, therefore society views them differently and discriminates. However, the research is not as clear as it may first appear, no participant of a study can be isolated from the affects of socialization. The widely held belief that male and female brains function in different ways is based upon the conclusions of a small minority of studies, conclusions usually dismissed. Sociologists have relied upon the notion of a universal, innate, human nature, a nature that includes gender divisions, in society.Our society is patriarchal, our institutions, our traditions, our everyday lives, are filled with examples of men in positions of authority over women. You are born and take your father’s surname. You marry, and tradition holds that a father gives away his daughter to become the wife of a man whose name she shall adopt. Until very recently, it is the man in a relationship who holds financial control, and the woman who takes the responsibility for the home and the children.When a woman goes out to work she earns, on average, usually less than her male counterpart, is less likely to receive a promotion, and is likely to receive a smaller pension. If a woman is a wife and/or mother, she will also, on average, continue to take responsibility for the home and the family in addition to her paid employment. The decisions made on our behalf by representatives in unions, councils, and governments that are made predominantly by men. Despite the now higher proportion of femal e law graduates to their male counterparts, our legal system remains dominated by men.Equality differences can even be seen at birth, where male babies are described as being smart and strong, and the female babies are often given pink clothing, and referred to as cute, warm. To when they grow up, being a female baby, beauty is important, â€Å"Its sad but true that grade school teachers tend to judge their pupils largely on the basis of their looks†(Henslin 344). These associations, implicit in our society, have deep implications when it comes to gender equality.Research has demonstrated that when equally qualified men and women apply for identical jobs, the gender associations of the vacancy is a key factor in determining who will be successful, women therefore are at a disadvantage in many areas of employment from the outset, as the attributes of a successful worker are typically seen as masculine, while a woman may be perfectly suited to the role in question, her talents are far less likely to be recognized than they would be in a man.Feminism, which is the idea of equality between men and women, has become more prevalent because of the fact that women are being treated more as sex symbols than people in advertisements and in society in general, in the U. S. Feminism is a misconception, when thought of as women are better then men so they should have more rights, it is mainly just equality. The feminist’s just want to have, â€Å"equal rights within the current political and social structure†(Tuana 1).Feminists had movements dating back to the sixties, that were against inequality between genders, â€Å"The National Organization for Women forms in 1966, petitioning to stop sex segregation of want ads and one year later to request federally funded childcare centers†(Tuana 1). Women and men function as human beings in the U. S and in society in general and should be treated as equals, not discriminated because of one’s sex. Social stratification in American Society is not clearly defined or determined, nevertheless social scientists has developed a socio-economic stratification of the American society.Americans believe in a three-class society, the rich, poor and the middle class and most Americans consider themselves as middle class. In reality American society is more diverse and there is an extensive difference among people. The basic determinants that make social class are wealth, education, income and occupation. Some sociologists have divided the American society in six distinct categories including: rich or the upper class, upper middle class, lower middle class, lower class and poor and under class.It is believed that the people who belong to the same social class share similar social positions, similar ways of thinking and life styles, others oppose this idea and believe that we cannot generalize characteristic of the people to one another. Social class creates a hierarchy for the people of e ach class, as a way of identifying which level each person falls in. One of the indications of the social class in America is income in terms of either individual or household and is one of the most important indicators of social class. Most students from working-class homes who are striving to better their situations in life become discouraged at the many obstacles in their paths†(Henslin 383). Families who have two income earners are in a better position for their children to succeed in school. Per capita income, which means the amount of money allocated to each individual member, is also another important determinant in social stratification. It can be said the families who have fewer members are in a better position.Another indication in social stratification is education in which there is a relation with the occupation and income. Higher education means that one needs money and to pay tuition, so it is clear that most of the time the families who are better off can afford a better education for their children, they can pay for better schools and private schools, colleges and universities. As the result there is connection between money and education for a higher chance to succeed.One of the most prominent features of social class is culture, people of the same social class tend to have similar ways of behavior even though this behavior and culture is not something fixed. There is diversity inside the same social group as well. One of the important terms in American culture and literature is the concept of Social Status. Another important characteristic of American social class is achieved status rather than the described statues, it means that regardless of his or her original statues, one can become rich and successful and climb the social ladder.But in reality this idealistic view cannot be completely true, many people of color are still suffering the racial prejudices and as a result they cannot have the proper education and a good occupation whi ch is perhaps the most important class component. These people have lower income and the cycle will continue to the later generations. Despite the existing injustice and inequalities, America is considered land of opportunity. Thought this belief is exaggerated, Americans have improved their economic situation with their hard working and persistence. Despite what sociologists call a â€Å"deficit of cultural capital,† through determined hard work, native ability, and perseverance some members of the working class manage to attain social mobility†(Henslin 383). The different social classes can define one’s income, occupation, and the kind of friends one would make, usually these classes do not mix socially, the upper classes will not mingle with lower middle classes and middle classes tend not to associate with low/poor classes.From the sociological perspectives, regarding symbolic interactionism, functionalism, and conflict theory, to feminism and gender equality , to social stratification, these similar aspects of sociology define how we as humans perceive each other and how society is structured into different classes and how gender plays a important role in society. Sociology has different perspectives from each sociologist, ranging from Max Weber to Durkheim to Frazier to Karl Marx. Society works on a basis of how each member of it chooses to act, and how the certain classes interact with each other and form us, as human beings. Similar essay: Our Changing Society

Global Leader in Foreign Direct Investments Essay

This dissertation focused on the Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) of India relative to China, together with its competitive advantages and the underlying factors which set them apart. In addition, strategies in which India can further strengthen its competitive advantage were elaborated together with the best approaches to keep at par or surpass China in terms of its FDI dominance. This chapter presented the background of the research problem, the research questions that the dissertation aimed to answer, significance of the study, the dissertation’s adopted research design and methodology, together in which how the sections in this dissertation were organized. 1. 1 Background of the Problem The surge of foreign direct investments in Asian countries is primarily determined by the privatization and at the same time the globalization of production. The degree of political stability, government policies, together with trade and investment regimes allowed host countries to be very open in terms of FDI investments. Due to the liberalization of the developing countries’ economies, the Global Development Finance of the World Bank in 1999 claimed that FDI flows to developing countries have increased more than six times (Chakraborty and Basu, 2002). Foreign direct investments have bloomed for both China and India by more than 1,500 percent between 1990 and in the recent years, and both countries have growing domestic considerable consumer markets, both economies are starting to produce higher value products and develop networks to maintain competitive advantages beyond mere cost (Laudiciana and White, 2005). Both India and China share the same level of competitiveness in terms of FDI attractiveness among multinational companies. However, it could be noted that India or China being a more favorable destination for FDIs should be closely taken into consideration. It could be noted that there are business ventures that are proven to be more profitable exclusively in only one of the countries even though the aforementioned offers the same services. On another perspective, specific business ventures could experience a relatively highly specialized output given for instance that such would be deployed in the right geographic location (Laudiciana and White, 2005). It could be noted that India has undergone remarkable international integration and development over the past few years. Since 1991, after the external payment crisis in India, there has been liberalization of various policies implemented by the government. In turn, the current investment climate has attracted many foreign investors in the country in various sectors. As such it is with this respect that competitive advantages possessed both by India with China, could be noted as it plays a vital role in terms of the success and eventually business profitability. On the other hand, it could be traced back that China started its state-led modernization reform in the late 1970s after many years of operating according to the Soviet model. Contrasting this to India, the aforementioned’s main reform started after 1991 after which relied largely on the private sector. China’s FDI mainly consists of capital intensive flows whereas India’s FDI is mainly skill intensive (Laudiciana and White, 2005). The impact of such investment has on the domestic economy and the experience of the multinationals with the overall business environment in the sub continent is very vital. Thus it becomes necessary to study the impact of such inflows as it has important policy implications. 1. 2 Research Questions The dissertation aims to answer the following questions: 1. What are the factors that differentiate India’s and China’s FDI performances that influence the inflows and stocks of the aforementioned? 2. What are the effects of FDI inflows and stocks to the economy of India? 3. How will India develop a competitive advantage in terms of its FDI and take over China as a leader in FDI in the future?

Industry analysis Essays - Management, Strategic Management

Industry analysis Essays - Management, Strategic Management Industry analysis is a process that is characterized with the attempt of entrepreneurs to study and evaluate the current business environment. It is obvious, that every businessperson who wants to start his business should conduct industry analysis attentively. The main idea of industry analysis is to understand whether the current situation on the market and political situation in the country are safe for business. This issue is very important for small business that is very vulnerable to any changes of this kind. Industry analysis is an integral part of a business plan and when an entrepreneur wants to start his small business, he studies the market, its components, political freedom and social issues that influence success of every business. This analysis starts with the profound research of competitors. One should know his rivals well in order to be able to co-exist with them. If there are several small competitors, this situation is favorable for business, because all these rivals have equal chances for success. When there is a big corporation on the market, it will be very hard to compete with its huge ambitions. Next, one should study if there are substitute goods on the market. If ones production is original, he receives competitive advantage over his rivals. Next, one should learn if there is political support towards small business. When a state provides entrepreneurs with the support of this kind, its business environment is considered to be favorable. It is natural, that the situation on the market is changing constantly, so every big company conducts industry analysis several times per year. Small business conducts this analysis seasonably in order to keep its financial situation under control. Industry analysis is a good topic for analysis, because a student learns about the relevance of this document for the creation of a business plan. When you need to prepare a term paper about industry analysis, you should pay attention to its components, its urgency and its importance for small and middle business. You should write about such issues as competition on the market, political situation in the country, the problem of supply and demand, etc. Moreover, you are able to provide your teacher with a few examples of industry analysis conducted by small and big business. Every student requires original piece of help with term paper writing, because this process consumes much time and nerves. If you want to learn how to write your term paper effectively and how to research your subject from the right approach, you are able to read a free university term paper example on industry analysis written by a well-educated and multitasking expert.

UNH Admissions Data and Acceptance Rate

UNH Admissions Data and Acceptance Rate With an acceptance rate of 76 percent, the University of New Hampshire is accessible to many applicants. Students with good grades and test scores are likely to be admitted.  To apply, interested students will need to submit an application, official high school transcripts, SAT or ACT scores, and a letter of recommendation. Art and music students will need to submit additional materialscheck the schools website for more information. The school accepts the Common Application, which can save applicants time and energy when applying to multiple schools that use that application. W ill you get in? Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) University of New Hampshire Acceptance Rate: 76  percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for UNHTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 490 / 590SAT Math: 500 / 610SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanNew Hampshire colleges SAT comparisonAmerica East Conference SAT score comparisonACT Composite: 22 / 27ACT English: 22 / 27ACT Math: 22  / 27What these ACT numbers meanNew Hampshire colleges ACT comparisonAmerica East Conference ACT score comparison UNH Description The University of New Hampshires main campus is located in Durham, a seacoast town with a population similar to the university. Boston is about an hour away, as is excellent skiing in the White Mountains. The university has an 18 to 1  student/faculty ratio, and high achieving and motivated students should check out the opportunities available through the Honors Program. For its academic strengths, UNH was awarded a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa. In athletics, the UNH Wildcats compete in the NCAA Division I  Colonial Athletic Association  for football, and the  America East Conference  for many other sports. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 15,188 (12,857 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 46 percent male / 54 percent female97 percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $17,624  (in-state); $31,424  (out-of-state)Books: $1,200 (why so much?)Room and Board: $10,938Other Expenses: $2,438Total Cost: $32,200  (in-state); $46,000 (out-of-state) UNH Financial Aid (2015-16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 85  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 70 percentLoans: 71  percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $12,196Loans: $10,169 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Biology, Business Administration, Communication Studies, English, Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Nursing, Political Science, PsychologyWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation, Retention and Transfer Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 86  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 67 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 78  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Football, Ice Hockey, Skiing, Basketball, Cross Country, SoccerWomens Sports:  Lacrosse, Skiing, Soccer, Basketball, Gymnastics, Field Hockey If You Like UNH, You May Also Like These Schools: University of Vermont: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphQuinnipiac University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphRoger Williams University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphEndicott College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPlymouth State University: Profile  University of Connecticut: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUMass - Amherst: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Maine: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Describe your understanding of student centred learning and how your Essay

Describe your understanding of student centred learning and how your skills development at university can improve your curriculu - Essay Example 1). To direct the path towards the accomplishment of this mission, CCCU envisioned â€Å"provide a comprehensive range of corporate information services that meet the current and future needs of the CCCU community. These services will combine well understood and definitive sources of corporate information, powerful reporting tools, specific applications and integration and automation platforms to form a corporate information â€Å"engine† driving a multitude of business processes† (CCCU: Vision, 2009, pars. 1 & 2). Concurrent with the university’s mission and vision, my understanding of their holistic and multidimensional approach in teaching is supportive of the student centered learning approach. O’Neill and McMahon (2005) cited Kember (1997) as defining student centered learning as â€Å"knowledge is constructed by students and that the lecturer is a facilitator of learning rather than a presenter of information† (p. 255). A precondition to this approach was qualified by Rogers  (1983, p. 188) who averred that â€Å"... ... learning approach by specifically and explicitly stating the aims, learning outcomes, and the module programmes, in conjunction with an identified module leader and seminar tutors. The module programmes are structured in a clear and well designed manner that indicates schedules in week number, dates, topics and required readings. By providing the overall theoretical framework, module leaders envision to provide directions and guidelines towards structured presentation of topics that could be absorbed and understood at the given time frame. As student learning gives opportunities for students to enhance learning skills at their own discretion, under the governance and guidance of mentors and tutors, students must become aware that the scope and depth of learning depends on their personal commitment for personal and professional growth. In this regard, to expand my personal understanding of student centered learning, I gained the following inputs to be shared in this discourse, to wit: Lea et  al.  (2003, p.322) â€Å"summarises some of the literature on student-centred learning to include the followings tenets: (1) the reliance on active rather than passive learning; (2) an emphasis on deep learning and understanding; (3) increased responsibility and accountability on the part of the student; (4) an increased sense of autonomy in the learner; (5) an interdependence between teacher and learner; (6) mutual respect within the learner teacher relationship; and (7) and a reflexive approach to the teaching and learning process on the part of both teacher and learner† (cited by O’Neill & McMahon, 2005). The increased proactive stance, responsibility and accountability placed in the hands of the students differentiate this approach from the traditional teacher centered

Gametogenesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gametogenesis - Essay Example In the early stage of embryonic development, groups of cells become committed to differentiate into various cell types such as liver cells, nerve cells and muscle cells. One group of cells becomes committed to form the germ cell line, cells that eventually develop into eggs if the embryo is female or sperm if the embryo is male. These are the only cells that undergo meiosis. These committed cells, primordial germ cells increase in number through mitotic cell division. Later, they divide meiotically to produce mature sperm or eggs. The process of forming mature eggs is called oogenesis (Aberts et al, 2002; Snustad and Simmons, 2002). The primordial germ cells that migrate to the developing ovary during early embryogenesis become oogonia. They multiply rapidly, undergoing several rounds of mitotic cell division and eventually differentiate into primary oocytes. The primary oocytes begin meiotic cell division and complete the diplotene stage of prophase I and then division stops. They remain in this suspended prophase. During this period, the oocyte undergoes many changes that prepare it for the completion of meiosis and for fertilization. It acquires a special coat that protects the developing egg from mechanical damage and in many cases acts as a barrier to sperm from other species. Just beneath the membrane cortical granules develop that alter the egg coat so that only a single sperm fertilizes an egg. In addition, the primary oocyte accumulates large quantities of nutrients and other molecules that nourish the early embryo and coordinate as well as direct its early development. With the attainment of sexual mat urity, the next stage of oocyte development occurs, triggered by hormones. The oocyte completes meiosis I and two haploid nuclei are formed, each containing one member of each chromosome pair in a replicated state. But cytokines are very asymmetrical. One cell, called secondary oocyte gets virtually all the cytoplasm and is ancestral to the mature egg. The other cell, called a polar body, gets very little cytoplasm. Both of these cells , the secondary oocyte and the polar body undergo meiosis II to produce four haploid nuclei. Again cytokinesis is asymmetrical: Meiosis II in the secondary oocyte produces one large cell, the ovum, or egg, which has virtually all the cytoplasm and a small polar body with very little cytoplasm. Thus, of the four meiotic products, only one forms the mature egg. the polar bodies, which are small with little cytoplasm to support their metabolism, eventually degenerate (Aberts et al, 2002; Snustad and Simmons, 2002). Oogenesis occur in the ovaries of the f emale. Each primary oocyte is surrounded by a spherical cluster of cells in a cavity or sac called the primary or Graafian follicle. In response to hormone signals, the primary oocyte completes meiosis I to become a secondary oocyte. the follicle then ruptures, releasing the secondary oocyte into the oviduct, where it begin the second meiotic division. in humans, the oviduct is called the Fallopian tube. the release of the secondary oocyte from the Graafian follicle is called ovulation (Aberts et al, 2002; Snustad and Simmons, 2002). As the secondary ooc

On Fire Creation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

On Fire Creation - Essay Example The work at hand tries to establish the ideas showing why fire can be a natural, technological and human-caused hazard generally within the community. Furthermore, the appropriate or relevant Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) that will be able to mitigate fire as a hazard is discussed. Fire can be a natural-caused hazard within the community. As explained earlier, it is possible to build up a fire when there is a remarkable presence of a higher temperature, fuel and oxygen. In the case of the on-going global warming phenomenon, fire is not impossible to take place anywhere knowing that a high temperature of the environment may possibly ignite combustion provided there is a potential fuel that can help develop the flames, naturally. However, this is common to take place in areas where there is extreme level of heat for the environment. In some cases, in the presence of lightening, the creation of fire is not impossible to take place, which at some point could further lead to ravage prop erties and even lives. There are reported cases when both properties and humans were significant subjects of a fire that was evidently due to a natural phenomenon such as lightening. It is therefore clear in this case that fire is developed naturally, and that is without the presence of significant human or technological intervention factors. On the other hand, fire can also be a technological-caused hazard in the community, working place and even at home at the most specific level. We heard many reports presenting us the significant reasons of fire in the community. A substantial number of them were due to the use of human technology. We heard how cellular phones exploded during its charging process which evidently led to the creation of fire. We received some reports how a micro-wave oven exploded leading to the inception of fire that ravaged properties and even lives. We heard how electricity led to the destruction of various personal or corporate properties and even lives at its worst case scenario. All of these are significant proofs we see around us, proving the point that fire can be a technological-caused hazard. In fact, various manuals linked to the use of our prevailing technologies have substantial information on how we can get rid of fire while using them. Even there are precautionary measures that are linked to these technologies so as instead of giving us hazard like fire, we can use them to optimize their promised design of usage. Finally, fire can be a human-caused hazard. Evidently, we cannot argue that it is we humans who are sometimes responsible for combining fuel and a high temperature in the presence of oxygen around us. Oxygen is one important element in the creation of fire that we can hardly control under the normal setting at home, job and in our community. Therefore, what we can only possibly do to contribute to the creation of fire is to provide fuel and ensure temperature is higher enough in order to spark a flame. In some cases, fire may be due to our failure to take the precautionary measures prior to the effective use of our technologies. At this point, although it is clear that the technology might have a great role to play in the actual creation of fire, our inability to take control of it also provides a great contribution to a hazard that the actual fire may present us. In addition, it is evident that we are indeed capable of producing fire, as we cook our foods, create goods, and develop various products and other offerings. On the process of making all of these, it may actually require us to create a fire, but we have to observe precautionary measures. Sometimes, our failure to employ the necessary actions may lead to the formation of fire which brings the

State of Nature in the Modern Society

State of Nature in the Modern Society INTRODUCTION According to John Stuart Mill The state of nature that precedes civilization is where originality resides [1] and the society leaves its individuals to their own devices as long as they do not harm others. [2] But what really is the state of nature? Moreover, why this idea as it was presented by the theorists never played its real role in practice? Was the state of nature that chaotic that people choose to have a superior, rather than being free from any obstacles? Were people afraid of their fellow human beings as Hobbes insinuates? I am working on the topic of the state of nature in the modern society, because I want to find out if there is still a state of nature in the 21st century, for example in the indigenous societies, or that is some kind of social contract or anarchy. I am doing this in order to understand how people today live and if the basic human rights, as are the right of life, the right to liberty and security, the right of freedom etc., respected in those societies. In this paper, I will try to analyze why despite the overall technical and technological progress, the cultural development, the democratic values that we stand for and the globalization of the countries in the world, yet in some parts of Planet Earth we can meet the remnants of what Rousseau, Hobbes and Locke call the state of nature. These societies living in the state of nature are trying to tell us that not always rule of law is needed; not always people need government to live proper and in peace. The world never was, and never will be without number of people living in that state, the state of nature. If we only look at the examples of many Indigenous people round the Globe, we can see that people can live without legally established government, without constitution and without laws, and still respect each other and live in peace. This is contrary to Hobbess claims that people in the state of nature cannot live just because homo homini lupus est. [3] So the need for social cont ract is not really a need. We can observe that sometimes the human nature is egoistic, wolfish and greedy: what is mine is mine, and what is yours I want to be mine. That is a result of population growth, the limitation of the resources, the enrichment of certain class of people and the innovations and development of the world. Contrary to this, that is not the situation in many undeveloped African tribes, as I will show later in the paper. In the first chapter of this paper, I will expose the main ideas of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau and their picture of the state of nature. Following, in the second and last chapter, I will try to find out if there is a state of nature in the 21st century. As an example, I will be taking the Indigenous peoples and their structure of society and their development. Furthermore, I will discuss the significance of the human rights that these people have and the way they manage to exercise them in the world they live in. There is a lot to say on this topic and there are a lot more examples on this subject, but due to limited time and resources, I will keep my research and my analysis short and within these frames. My research is contained mostly from research of the main theories or Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau, relevant articles concerning the state of nature, articles concerning the life and the society of the indigenous peoples (primary and secondary sources). 1. WHAT IS STATE OF NATURE? There are many definitions on what is state of nature. According to Hobbes: The state of nature is a state of incessant mutual exploitation, all individuals seeking to dominate one another and to acquire honor and profit (fame and fortune). [4] Many encyclopedias consider the state of nature as uncivilized and uncultured condition, [5] a wild primitive state untouched by civilization. [6] State of nature is described also as a condition before the introduction of the rule of law, and as a state where there are no rights but only freedoms. In such a world where there are no laws, government, power, the people are in a natural condition of humankind. Nevertheless, the state of nature in its true form [7] never existed in human society. Perhaps as a state of nature we can take the examples of the emergence of human society when man was savage and lived in hordes. The human at that point of development was not aware of anything, except livelihood and survival. People acted free from all restrictions and pressures. They showed their true existence and the desire to own fulfillment. As creatures of that kind, all people were and are equal by their nature. At that stage, all people without restriction tend to insure and optimize their own fulfillment, then this unlimited competition lead to a state of complete uncertainty and danger. [8] Moreover, they consider themselves indispensable for the elimination of this tendency to establish a state of security and peace by entering in a civil society. [9] Many of the Enlightenment theorists claim that the state of nature existed in the human society, but man came out of that state because h e was afraid of the other humans, [10] considering that in the state of nature dominates social chaos and in order to protect himself the human was obliged to conclude the social contract. With this contract individuals freedom of self-fulfillment was restricted, so that individual freedom of all can exist together. Everyone gives up their unlimited right, accepts limitations and with that accept the security and the peace in coexistence. [11] Everyone has the natural right of personal fulfillment. This right of personal fulfillment cannot be abolished because it would mean the destruction of livelihood. [12] However, it may be restricted and in that way can exist in parallel with the other inalienable rights of all people. The restrictions are codified in legislations. Following, these restrictions were the basis of the doctrines of the Enlightenment thinkers Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Hume. [13] They created the laicism of governing and new political legitimacy of any fair ruling to be extracted from the social relations and based on respect of humans rights. [14] 1.1. State of nature according to Thomas Hobbes Hobbes believed that human beings in the state of nature would behave badly towards one another. [15] He believed that such a condition would lead to a war of every man against every man [16] and make life solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. [17] He was strictly against the state of nature because as he said, there can be nothing worse than a life without the protection of the State, [18] especially since in this state there is no justice because there is no law. Hobbes argued that there are no human rights in the state of nature. [19] People have natural right to do anything to preserve their own liberty or safety, and by this implies they act savagely to each other by trying to preserve their own life. This is very arguable nowadays. Every human simply by just being human is entitled with rights when born, despite on what level of development he is in, or if he is aware of the existence of human rights. For Hobbes, natural right is the human freedom to manage himself in relation to issues of his own self preservation. The man, in this capacity has an inalienable dignity, because he is a goal for himself and a kind of absolute value (man as imago dei). [20] This term has its roots in Genesis 1:27, wherein God created man in his own image. . ., [21] which does not mean that God is in human form, but rather, that humans are in images of God in their moral, spiritual, and intellectual nature. [22] The moral implications of the doctrine of imag o dei are apparent in the fact that if humans are to love God, then humans must love other humans, as each is an expression of God. [23] This means that people are obligated to respect one another, but according to Hobbes at the end the wolfish nature of humans [24] dominates. Hobbes develops the way out of the state of nature into civil government by mutual social contracts. Only by concluding the social contract man can save himself and become just (in this State there is no room for the unjust). He says that only the fear of death can lead to the creation of a State. [25] This saying in the modern world was a reason for many wars. Many rulers, dictators, tyrants, for example as Hitler did with Germany in the Second World War, were guided by Hobbess ideas that the man is obedient of the State and should delegate his rights to the Sovereign because the Sovereign is sinless and just, thus has the unlimited powers of rule and punishment. [26] The rulers will define good and evil for his subjects. The ruler can do no wrong, because lawful and unlawful, good and evil, are expression of the will of the ruler. [27] Hobbes gives authorization to the ruler to kill everyone who disobeys this will. In other words, the ruler is always right, because he has god given rights and is messenger of God, so if someone does any wrong (which will mean opposite to the rulers wishes) he will lose his life. This contradicts with one of the basic human rights [28] the right to life. It is not that there should be no State rules and regulations and that people should live in total anarchy, but rules that are in line with peoples rights, wishes and desires, for example regulations brought due referendum, which is a true expression of peoples will and democracy. Therefore, Hobbes, despite the pretty picture he has in mind of people being safe by concluding the social contract, is neglecting the basic human rights. [29] Moreover, Hobbess social contract was in favor of the ruler, not the people. 1.2. State of nature according to John Locke Locke holds different position compared to Hobbes. He believes that people could live in a state of nature, and life would be possible even without the legally established government. The state of nature for him is pre political, but not pre moral. [30] Furthermore, this state of nature for him is a state of complete freedom where all people are equal and only bond by the law of nature. [31] He worries that an absolute sovereign, with absolute power, would be even more of a danger to us than life in the state of nature. This is positive in Lockes thought because is better to live in a state of nature where you live in complete freedom without limitations of the personal rights and liberties. On the other hand, giving the absolute power to a sovereign means that people have to obey the wishes and the demands of the ruler, rather than following their own needs and desires, and disobeying those demands leads to penalization. Why would someone want to have limited human rights? Why wou ld someone want someone else to pressure him in doing something that is against his opinion and his beliefs? It is not the case of not having rules at all but rather that the rules should be made from the people and for the people. The people should not feel oppressed if they do something that is against ones will and feel scared of punishment if they do not meet those requirements. This is against the commonly accepted notion of democracy in which the individual is free in expressing his own will and making statements. Locke argued that although we do need a sovereign to settle disputes and administer justice, we must also set constitutional limits to the sovereigns rule. [32] We have a right to rebel if the sovereign abuses our trust. [33] Assuming that we were all honorable in all our dealings with each other, then the need for sovereign would not existed and we could have remain forever in the state of nature. [34] Is this asking for too much? On one hand it might be, because with no rules at all, people might have tendency to become more violent and even greedier towards others who have more than them (wealthier people). On the other hand, it might not be too much asking for. People behave decent when there is not big gap in equality and people do cooperate with each other in order to survive. Later in this paper, I will show examples of people living in a state of nature with no government, no legislative, and still managing to live in peace with each other and with the rest of the world. Another thing with which Locke differs from Hobbes is his view of the human rights. For Locke, human rights are rights that every human holds and they belong to all humans, and are inalienable, that is they are not transferable to anyone else. [35] If someone tries to restrict one mans human rights for Locke that is equal to slavery. [36] He set forth the view that the State exists to preserve the natural rights of its citizens. [37] Moreover, if the State (government) fails to retain the natural rights of its citizens, than they are allowed to stand up to it and protest against. The same is today in most of the democratic countries, where people if not satisfied with the measures and regulations that the government lays down raise their voice and oppose them. Following this further, Locke does not see the state of nature as something bad as Hobbes does, and therefore, he claims that is better for the people to reject the particular government and to return to the state of nature, [3 8] than to live in an oppressed regimes. Nevertheless, despite the free man that Locke stands for, he still points out that people should engage in a social contract. He says that we should partially give up some of our rights, but not the right of life, liberty and property, [39] for impartial justice. Furthermore, the social contract cannot be concluded without the explicit consent of the people. Property is the linchpin of Lockes argument for the social contract and civil government because it is the protection of peoples property, including their property in their own bodies, that men seek when they decide to abandon the State of Nature. [40] Lockes property is pre- state institute determined by natural law and the property is a result of individuals labor. [41] For him the right of property is a right to life, freedom and estate. [42] He connects the humans/one persons rights with having property; the one who does not own property does not have rights. [43] 1.3. State of nature according to Jean Jacques Rousseau What distinguishes Rousseau from the other two theorists is his statement that in the state of nature man would act like savage, [44] whose actions are primarily determined by immediate needs food, sexual satisfaction, sleep and fears only hunger and pain. [45] However, the thing that distinguishes the savage from the animal is the free will and capacity of self-improvement. [46] For Rousseau is an exaggeration to say that the state of nature leads to war of all against all, as Hobbes said. According to him, the state of nature is peaceful and free of vice. On the other hand, he agrees with Hobbes and Locke that in the state of nature mans main drive is towards self preservation. [47] Rousseau gives a general picture how would the life be in the state of nature, which resembles in a good way with the life that some African tribes have today. He says that the human in the state of nature acts similar to animal satisfying his basic needs. Furthermore, Rousseau gives a critique of the modern man vs. the natural man. He says that the situation of the natural man is better than the one of the modern man because the natural man is free of social norms, morals, obligations, and duties. [48] Having no moral relationship or duties to other men and no subjugated inequality, natural man is better for himself and society. [49] His actions are neither good nor evil [50] because he is not bounded by social rules, which dictate how people should act and think towards each other and the world as a whole. [51] According to that, man should not care much about others opinion of him or his actions. [52] Certainly, according to Rousseau, people are neither good nor bad. [53] People are restrained in harming others by the compassion they have for their fellow humans and have aversion to pain and suffering. [54] In addition, Rousseau claims that men knew neither vice nor virtue since they had almost no dealings with each other. [55] Moreover, in his view their bad habits are the products of civilization, the conditions of nature forced people to establish the civil society. [56] According to this, if man leaves the state of nature than he becomes corrupted and unjust. The modern world and the development of it are responsible for peoples depravation because the wish for self improvement brought misfortune to people. Then why at all should human beings leave this state? On this, Rousseau says that despite the corruptive potential, the life in the society can bring the possibility of a higher form of human existence, [57] like cultural or technological development of the human itself a nd the society he lives in. When talking about the peoples/humans rights, Rousseau points out that that the people have rights in the civil state that are sacred. Therefore, people agree to live in a civil society because that society will protect their rights. But is this a real reflection on what the reality looks like? If taken for example the dictatorship regimes, lets say in Sudan, or as it was in Romania when Ceausescu was on power, the people were in a fictional social contract with the country, and the state did not meet its main duty: the protection of the individual that is not able to protect himself! Different from Locke, who stands on the position that the human has rights even without the existence of the state, [58] Rousseau does not says that the human can exist and just be in that kind of state. For Rousseau, the people only have human rights when engaged in a contract with the state. Here he contradicts himself. First, he says that the civil society corrupts the people, and then notes that hum an rights exist only when people engage in social contract with the state. Rousseaus second point about the requirement of the people to conclude the contract in order to be safe and in a possession of human rights is questionable. The second chapter of my paper will show that people that are not part of a civil society still have human rights and are free. 1.4. Analysis Do we get any general picture of what the state of nature is from the perceptions of these theorists? Hobbes is the opponent of the state of nature. His opinion is that man could not survive in the state of nature therefore there is the need of creating a State, by people engaging in social contract and the necessity of people giving up their rights to the Sovereign. On the other hand, Locke is more liberal when talking about the state of nature. For him people can indeed, live in this state in peace with each other. He does not support the State that limits the rights of humans and the absolute power of the Sovereign (as Hobbes does). Rousseau is in between with his approach. According to him, the state is the only one that can protect the human and his rights. Contrary, he says that the civil society corrupts the person; the development of the society makes man more greedy and unjust. How is this possible? We should enter the social contract for the main purpose of protecting ourselves from others and be able to exercise human rights, but not to become corrupted by the same society. Is not this statement too contradictory and illogical? !!!Finally, summing up all the ideas from these theorists, we can define the state of nature as freedom. A freedom of man to do whatever is his own will, but not damaging and delimiting other peoples rights and personality; freedom from restraints, restrictions and oppressions. In the following chapter, we can see that it is possible for people to live in this kind of state and not being threat to one another. 2. IS THERE A STATE OF NATURE IN THE 21st CENTURY? Looking further than our own surroundings, we will find examples of people that live in a condition that is completely different from the democratic, modern and technologically developed world. Those people live in harmony with nature. Although, the number of those people is very small due to the colonization period and the constant force of assimilation, the ones that succeed in keeping their culture and traditional way of life, help us understand that people can indeed live without rule of law and without engaging into social contract(s). Today, many of the Indigenous people in the world are under the law of the ones that colonized their land, for example the Aborigines in Australia, when colonized by the British were put under the British legal system, [59] but as Australia gained independence from the Crown, the Aborigines are under the Australian law. [60] Other examples where people still managed to keep their natural state are some African tribes that are not subject to the la w of the State, like the Bushmen in South Africa who live in bands. [61] Following in this paper, I will elaborate more on these people and their way of life. 2.1. Indigenous peoples 2.1.1. Definitions on Indigenous Defining Indigenous peoples can be very difficult. Whom do we put under the term Indigenous? There are many definitions. According to the special reporter on discrimination against Indigenous population from the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Population, Mr. Jose Martinez Cobo Indigenous populations are composed of the existing descendants of the peoples who inhabited the present territory of a country wholly or partially at the time when persons of a different culture or ethnic origin arrived there from other parts of the world, overcame them, by conquest, settlement or other means, reduced them to a non-dominant or colonial condition; who today live more in conformity with their particular social, economic and cultural customs and traditions than with the institutions of the country of which they now form part, under a state structure which incorporates mainly national, social and cultural characteristics of other segments of the population which are predominant. [62] This definition was considered to be with flaws. Therefore, the UN Working Group on Indigenous Population decided to enlarge the definition by adding more criteria in defining the term Indigenous. In the first place, they added that as Indigenous people would be considered the ones who are the descendants of groups, which were in the territory at the time when other groups of different cultures or ethnic origin arrived there. [63] In addition, Indigenous are the ones who because of their isolation from other segments of the countrys population have almost preserved intact the customs and traditions of their ancestors which are similar to those characterized as indigenous. [64] Finally, in this group belong people who are, even if only formally, placed under a state structure which incorporates national, social and cultural characteristics alien to their own. [65] In 1986 one more criteria was added, and that was any individual who identified himself or herself as indigenous and was a ccepted by the group or the community as one of its members was to be regarded as an indigenous person. [66] Another definition is provided by the International Labor Organization in the 1989 Convention on Indigenous and Tribal peoples, defines Indigenous peoples as those who are regarded as such on account of their descent from the populations which inhabited the country, or a geographical region to which the country belongs, at the time of conquest or colonization or the establishment of present state boundaries and who, irrespective of their legal status, retain some or all of their own social, economic, cultural and political institutions. [67] We can give lots more definitions on who and what Indigenous people are, but in the end, summarizing all this definitions, we reach a single conclusion that the Indigenous people are people that only differ by their origin and culture. In other words, Indigenous people enjoy human rights as all the other people do. Furthermore, this people, despite the stage of their development, and by development I mean mostly technical and technological development, generally stand for the common values of freedom and peace. Moreover, Indigenous people, although often distinguishable by virtue of their race, language or religion, are a discrete group. [68] To explain this in more precise way, I will be taking as an example two groups of Indigenous people, one is the Australian Aborigines and the other one is the Bushmen from South Africa. Although, both of these groups of people are considered as Indigenous, they are different in a way of their social structure, the way of life, their customs, law s etc. Later, I will point out that one of these groups is living in a kind of state of nature, with total equality among its members, while the other one was assimilated by the State that overruled them and obligated by the States legal system, notwithstanding that Indigenous peoples are constantly exempt from laws, which may interfere with their tradition. [69] 2.1.2 Examples of Indigenous peoples: Australian Aborigines and the Bushmen of South Africa I decided to take these two groups of Indigenous peoples as an example because there is diversity between them in many ways, but still both belong to what goes under the term indigenous. Since the European invasion of Australia in 1788, the Aboriginal people have been oppressed into a world unnatural to their existence for thousands of years. [70] The British Monarchy invaded the Australian Aborigines during the colonization period; hence, they were put under the British legal system. After Australias independence changes were imposed, the Aboriginal people started the request for self-determination, because the government at the time tried to assimilate these people, and destroyed their land, with that their way of life and culture. Prior to the arrival of the colonists and the destruction of the homeland of the natives, the Aborigines lived in a state of nature. The Aboriginal lifestyle was based on total kinship with the natural environment, everything they needed for normal and h ealthy life was already provided. [71] They lived in tribes or clans and were obligated by their own customs and inter clan contract. [72] No one had authority over anyone else in the sense of ruling them, but this is not to say that there were not leaders. [73] The leaders were people who had personal qualities that others admire, and were considered as smart men, but there were no elected leaders in Aboriginal society. [74] Today, the Aboriginal still live under their customs, but are also obligated to respect the States legal system, which limits some of their human rights, for example like the right to education and using of their mother tongue. [75] Therefore, the colonization brought disturbance of the peace of this people. Armed conflicts and lack of understanding from the modern men resulted in killing of dozens of Aboriginal people and forcing them on different way of life. [76] The Aboriginal people lost most of their tradition and culture, and today most of them are living in the developed and modern world. Only few of the Aboriginal tribes can be found living in a state similar to the state of nature, though obliged by rule of law by the State in one way or another. On the other hand, we have the Bushmen of South Africa that still live in conditions mostly similar to those before the white men invade their land. Along with the arrival of the European settlers great disadvantages started. [77] In this period number of Bushmen was reduced, because they fought to death trying to survive due to limited resources (limited and abused by the settlers), or were captured and forced to slavery and eventually die of extortion. [78] Today, as it was in the past, the Bushmen population lives into groups that are called bands. [79] No leader or superior exists as a figure in the Bushmen band. That makes all of the members of the band equal, both male and female. [80] Thus, they are all equal in the making decisions, [81] and govern themselves by group consensus. [82] If a dispute arises and there is some kind of misunderstanding between the band members, they are resolved through discussions where all involved take part with argumentations until some agreemen t is reached. [83] However, the governments of many African states are trying to exile the Bushmen from their homelands and to assimilate them. For example, In Botswana the government has intensified its campaign to drive the Gana and Gwi Bushmen off their ancestral homeland in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve by cutting off all water supplies. [84] Clearly, we can see that the modern nations and the modern men forced this Indigenous people in leaving the state of nature they used to live in. The colonialism destroyed this peoples way of life. It was not that people abandoned the state of nature because they started to feel intimidated by the others. On the contrary, these Indigenous peoples lived together in peace and in equality, with little resources available that were enough for them to survive. Today, the Indigenous people living in a state of nature are a slowly dying race [85] because of all of this; nevertheless, the fact that they are still trying to maintain their existence is a proof of how perfectly their way of life is adopted to their natural surroundings. [86] 2.2. Do indigenous peoples today enjoy the human rights like most people do? According to the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous peoples in Article 1: Indigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collective or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental fr